Our survival depends on a healthy connection with another human being. The stronger that connection, the greater the survival benefit. Who is your survival partner?

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References and suggested reading/listening:

Peer Reviewed Scholarly Publications

• Cacioppo, J. T., Cacioppo, S., & Boomsma, D. I. (2014). Evolutionary mechanisms for loneliness. In Cognition and Emotion (Vol. 28, Issue 1, pp. 3–21). https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2013.837379

• Cacioppo, S., Capitanio, J. P., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2014). Toward a neurology of loneliness. In Psychological bulletin (Vol. 140, Issue 6, pp. 1464–1504). https://doi.org/10.1037/a0037618

• Goossens, L., van Roekel, E., Verhagen, M., Cacioppo, J. T., Cacioppo, S., Maes, M., & Boomsma, D. I. (2015). The Genetics of Loneliness: Linking Evolutionary Theory to Genome-Wide Genetics, Epigenetics, and Social Science. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 10(2), 213–226. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691614564878

• Holt-Lunstad, J., Smith, T. B., Baker, M., Harris, T., & Stephenson, D. (2015). Loneliness and Social Isolation as Risk Factors for Mortality. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 10(2), 227–237. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691614568352

• Holt-Lunstad, J., Smith, T. B., & Layton, J. B. (2010). Social relationships and mortality risk: A meta-analytic review. In C. Brayne (Ed.), PLoS Medicine (Vol. 7, Issue 7, p. e1000316). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000316

• Pratt, C. L., & Sackett, G. P. (1967). Selection of social partners as a function of peer contact during rearing. Science, 155(3770), 1656–1656. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.155.3770.1656

• Rudolph, K. D., Skymba, H. V., Modi, H. H., Davis, M. M., & Sze, W. Y. (2022). Biological Embedding of Peer Experiences: The Contribution of Peer Adversity to Stress Regulation. In P. A. van Lier & K. Deater-Deckard (Eds.), Biosocial Interplay During Elementary School (pp. 111–151). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07109-6_6

• Steptoe, A., Shankar, A., Demakakos, P., & Wardle, J. (2013). Social isolation, loneliness, and all-cause mortality in older men and women. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110(15), 5797–5801. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1219686110

• Suomi, S. J., Harlow, H. F., & Kimball, S. D. (1971). Behavioral effects of prolonged partial social isolation in the rhesus monkey. Psychological Reports, 29, 1171–1177. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1971.29.3f.1171

Podcasts and Interviews

• Specialized: The Unique Strengths of Stress-Adapted Youth with Willem Frankenhuis

• All Together Now: How stress is shared through our communities and what we can do to ease it with Dr Jeremy Coplan

• Homeostasis Emotion and Feelings with Gil Carvalho

• In Their Shoes: Contextual Adaptation and Optimal Resource Allocation with Mélusine Boon Falleur

• Homeostasis and the origin of emotions and behavior with Max Henning

Media credit (photo/video/audio/animation) Sincere thanks to the following artists

Thumbnail Image - Monkeys - Unnamed author, Canva

Siblings hugging – Patty Brito, Unsplash

Wilson from Castaway - https://whateverhappenedtox.com/wilson-from-castaway/

Depressed person – redbred, Storyblocks

Couple on bench – filmstudio, Storyblocks

Person in hospital with spouse holding hand – Unnamed author, Storyblocks

Sad man – JustinHorrocks, Storyblocks

Grandpa and grandkids – HalfPoint, Storyblocks

Bajau diver – Matthieu Paley, National Geographic

Person in Grocery store – CactusVP, Storyblocks

Family harvesting vegetables in garden – istock.com/ RyanJLane

Ranch house- Stephen Ellis, Unsplash

Apartment – Ioana Cristiana, Unplash

Van dwelling – Clay Banks, Unsplash

Tents of unhoused people – istock.com/MattGush

Camel Racing – Kokhanchikov, Sotyblocks

Barrel Racing – Unnamed author, Storyblocks

Kayaking – skywardkick, Storyblocks

Soccer game – Spring, Storyblocks

Monkeys – DiMedia, Storyblocks

Hikers – Sergey Gribanov, Storyblocks

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Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational and educational purposes only and are not intended to be medical or psychiatric advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical or psychiatric care. The information presented herein represents the perspective of the author. The concepts presented are accurate and conform to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of qualified mental health providers with any questions regarding any emotional or psychological condition. Never disregard professional mental health advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Body and Behavior Institute videos. Body and Behavior Institute is an initiative of Limbic Legacy.